Word: insulin
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...long as 2½ years, hundreds of thousands of diabetics all over the world have been treated with tablets of tolbutamide instead of insulin injections. Many have rejoiced at their new-found freedom from the need for daily needlework. Last week the Upjohn Co. (which markets the drug as Orinase) decided to lay on the line just what it will and will not do. To its Kalamazoo headquarters Upjohn invited 500 physicians to hear reports from Germany's Dr. Ernst Pfeiffer, one of the first investigators to use the drug, and from Chicago's Dr. Rachmiel Levine...
...patients treated since the late summer of 1955 at Frankfurt's University Medical Clinic, said Dr. Pfeiffer, 78% achieved good control of their diabetes, and the benefit shows every sign of lasting. (Tolbutamide is not a substitute for the body's natural insulin. It apparently achieves its effect by boosting the release into the blood stream of insulin, which, in most adult patients, continues to be secreted by the pancreas.) Tolbutamide did no good from the start in 8% of cases. In a further 8% it had to be dropped because early good results wore...
...adult diabetic should get long-term treatment with either insulin or tolbutamide until he has reduced to a proper weight and it has been shown that diet alone will not control the diabetes...
...Tolbutamide is useless for patients who get diabetes before they are about 25. (The pancreas then appears to lose all power to secrete insulin and injections are necessary.) It is usually ineffective for those who get diabetes before...
Died. Dr. Manfred Joshua Sakel, 57, Austrian-born U.S. psychiatrist, originator of insulin shock treatment for schizophrenia; of a heart attack; in Manhattan. In 1927, while treating a famed European actress who was a diabetic and drug addict, Dr. Sakel accidentally administered an overdose of insulin, was amazed to see her craving for morphine subside. Theorizing on the correlation between physical and mental illnesses, he went on to try his overdoses on alcoholics and schizophrenics; in both cases the patients improved...