Word: insulin
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...does carb counting work? In simple terms, carbs are digested or broken down into sugars, which then circulate in the bloodstream. As sugar levels in the blood rise, so does insulin. Peaks of insulin push the body to store excess sugar as fat. By cutting carbs, you effectively cut sugar surges and not only store less fat but also start to burn off more of the fat you have. If this were the whole story, of course, there would be little controversy and none of the colossal food frenzy being waged among companies desperate to get on the right side...
...there is a second front in carb wars--good carbs vs. bad carbs. The good ones are found in whole-grain breads, beans, fruits and vegetables. They contain fiber and break down slowly when digested, avoiding those damaging sugar and insulin spikes. The bad ones are found in white rice, potatoes, most commercial breads and all manner of processed crackers, cookies, chips, soda and candy bars. Bad carbs break down more quickly and result in sugar overload...
Foodmakers created the idea of "net carbs" or "impact carbs" to zero in on the amount of carbohydrates that affect insulin levels...
Currently, scientists in Melton’s laboratory will use the stem cell lines to study type 1 diabetes. Patients with type 1 diabetes lack insulin-producing cells, a problem found most commonly in children...
Melton wishes to direct the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells to form insulin-producing cells, according to the press release...