Word: insulin
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...most Type 2 diabetics don't have to resort to insulin shots to manage their condition. Because the fundamental problem in Type 2 diabetes is insulin resistance--not the inability to produce insulin as in Type 1--other options are available. Your physician may first give you pills that can either sensitize your body to insulin's effects or help your body produce more of the hormone. But some of your best allies in this struggle are your muscles. Building them up and using them regularly in such pursuits as walking or dancing draw more glucose out of the bloodstream...
...fasting glucose fell from 300 mg/dL to 103 mg/dL. "It's amazing how your cravings diminish when you're eating the right food groups," Bradley says. Her vision problems have disappeared, and her doctor believes she will no longer need to take insulin-sensitizing drugs if she can get her weight under 200 lbs.--something she's determined to do, both for herself and for her grandson Isaiah. Says she: "I want to be around for that 2-year...
...other configuration, being shaped like a pear, with excess weight around the hips, doesn't eliminate your risk but seems to lessen it. Over the years it has become clear that apple-shaped folks have a certain kind of metabolism: they are more likely to be resistant to insulin, have high amounts of triglycerides (one of the fatty molecules you don't want too much of in your blood) and have low levels of HDL (the "good" cholesterol). They also tend to have high blood pressure...
...symptoms together in one condition that they now call metabolic syndrome. They believe that anyone with metabolic syndrome is at much greater risk of developing not just heart disease but diabetes as well. They're not sure whether there is a primary trigger for metabolic syndrome--say, obesity or insulin resistance--or if several biological pathways are involved. Whatever the case, says Dr. Scott Grundy, a leading expert on cholesterol who chaired the American Heart Association's first clinical conference on metabolic syndrome in September, "right now there's no single drug that can treat the whole metabolic syndrome." Individual...
...central as insulin resistance has become to understanding Type 2 diabetes, scientists are starting to wonder whether another factor, the inflammatory response, may also play a key role. Inflammation is a complex biological process the immune system uses to limit the damage caused by various injuries. (Ever notice how a turned ankle swells or a sunburn feels warm to the touch? That's inflammation in action.) But when inflammation becomes chronic, it no longer limits damage. In fact, it starts to do harm to the body...