Word: interest
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...immediate and unusually sharp 1% rise, from 11% to 12%, in the discount rate, which is the interest the Federal Reserve charges to commercial banks that borrow funds from it. Since Federal Reserve rules require banks to keep a certain amount of money in reserve for every dollar in loans to customers, banks that want to increase their lending sometimes turn to Federal Reserve discount funds to do so. Pushing up the cost of those funds discourages banks from borrowing and thereby helps hold down the expansion of credit...
...policy decision that henceforth the Federal Reserve will no longer concern itself with trying to manipulate interest rates, its traditional device for controlling the growth of money, and will just stop creating so many dollars instead. The Fed regulates the level of money in the economy by buying or selling Government securities through its so-called Open Market Desk at the New York Federal Reserve Bank. When the bank buys the securities, it pumps money into the economy; when it sells them, money is drawn out, and interest rates rise. The Fed is now saying that, within broad limits, interest...
...assault on inflation itself. Said West German Finance Minister Hans Matthöfer: "The package goes straight to the heart of the problem." Brussels Banker Roland Leuschel expressed a conviction shared by almost all European moneymen: "Throttling back on the money supply itself will be much more effective than raising interest rates in the fight against inflation. Paul Volcker is attacking inflation at its source...
...Wall Street, however, about all that nervous traders could make of the Fed's complex announcement was that interest rates would be rising. That is especially bad news for investors who hold shares of stock bought on margin with money borrowed from brokers at floating rates of interest. Wary of just how high those rates might climb, margin holders along with smaller investors began selling in earnest on Monday, pushing the Dow down 13.57 points...
...market break came on Tuesday. That was when the naition's banks reopened after the Columbus Day holiday, and made their response to the Fed's discount-rate rise. Led by Chase Manhattan, the nation's third largest bank, several institutions immediately raised the prime rate (the interest charged the most credit-worthy corporate customers) from 13.5%, already a record, to a new peak of 14.5%. Since quarter-point raises are the norm, the effect of the full-point boost in the prime was electric. Not only did it push the interest charged to margin investors up close...