Word: interleukins
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...Cancer Online Resources, deBronkart, a software marketer in Nashua, N.H., received recommendations for top specialists - with links included - from patients on the site's kidney-cancer list. Within half an hour, an e-mail arrived from an ACOR member suggesting which scans might be appropriate and offering details about interleukin-2, the only treatment at the time that resembled a cure. "This is scary, terrifying," wrote another respondent, "but this list offers a lot of hope...
What they found were two new genes, IL2 and IL7, which code for receptors for interleukin - the proteins that regulate how T cells work in the body. People with certain forms of these genes have a 20% increased risk of developing MS. It is not, however, a defective or mutated form of the genes that causes MS; rather, it's certain forms of the genes, known as variants, that increase risk. The etiology of MS is complicated and appears to involve many genes, so the next challenge will be to figure out precisely what role these two new genetic variants...
...revitalize the weakened immune systems of AIDS patients, researchers have in some cases tried bone-marrow transplants and infusions of interferons and interleukin-2, another substance produced naturally by white blood cells. But such efforts, like those aimed at arresting the virus, have failed to influence the course of the disease. The answer, says Dr. Anthony Fauci, an immunologist at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, "may lie in a two-pronged approach to suppress the replication of the virus at the same time that we are enhancing the immune response." This strategy, Fauci and other researchers think...
...social networks. The researchers looked at marital status, number of close friends and family members, and participation in social and religious clubs. Compared with men in the highest quartile on the social-network index, men in the lowest fourth had significantly greater blood levels of C-reactive protein and interleukin-6, substances that are associated with inflammation and are believed to be markers for cardiovascular disease. Curiously, researchers found no such link between social well-being and heart disease risk among the women they studied. --By Sora Song
...interactions between CD4 T cells and APCS to make antibody drugs against lupus and RA. The company's anti-RA antibody selectively switches off T cells involved in autoimmune responses by binding the CD4 molecule on their surfaces. Amgen, of Thousand Oaks, Calif., has a drug that blocks Interleukin-1, another molecule that promotes inflammation...