Word: inventor
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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American women have been urged since the early 1950s to have an annual Pap (named for its inventor, Dr. George Papanicolaou) smear as a screening test for cervical cancer. That recommendation has now been challenged. Public Health Researcher Anne-Marie Foltz of New York University and Epidemiologist Jennifer Kelsey of Yale University charge that the test became entrenched as a yearly health measure before its merits could be established. At best, they say, institution of the annual Pap test has been "a dubious policy success...
...said Alfred Bernhard Nobel, the multimillionaire inventor of dynamite, six years before his death at 63 in 1896 and eleven years before the inauguration of what has become the world's most honorific-and occasionally quixotic-award. Since 1901 a five-person Norwegian Nobel Committee has bestowed gold medals bearing the motto Pro Pace et Fraternitate Gentium (For Peace and Brotherhood of Nations) and cash awards ranging from $30,000 to $173,700 to 59 men, five women and eleven organizations. Nineteen times the committee made no awards at all - of ten because of wars more terrible than even...
DIED. Willard F. Rockwell, 90, honorary chairman of Rockwell International Corp.; of a stroke; in Pittsburgh. An engineer and inventor, Rockwell strung together a chain of companies, specializing in auto parts, from the 1920s through the 1950s. He gradually turned the business over to his son, who merged Rockwell-Standard with North American Aviation in 1967 and six years later assembled his companies into the current conglomerate...
...Nobel committee ruled against Russian Chemist Dimitri Mendeleev, nominated for his formulation of the periodic law and the table of elements. The committee reasoned that Mendeleev's 1869 work had already been widely accepted as a basic part of chemical knowledge. Thus, because the will of Dynamite Inventor Alfred Nobel limited Nobel Prizes to "recent" discoveries, Mendeleev did not qualify. A Nobel historian later called the Mendeleev decision a regrettable error. More recently, Rockefeller Institute Biochemist O.T. Avery, who demonstrated in 1944 that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is the carrier of heredity, was first denied a prize because of skepticism...
DIED. Victor Hasselblad, 72, Swedish inventor of the Hasselblad camera; of cancer; in Gothenburg, Sweden. Born into a family of devoted amateur photography addicts, Hasselblad dreamed of developing his own camera and got a chance to do so for the Swedish air force in World War II. Then in 1948 he introduced the world's first 2¼-in. by 2¼-in. single-lens reflex camera with interchangeable lenses and magazines. It quickly became a favorite of professional photographers, earning a reputation as the Rolls-Royce of its field, and later was adopted by NASA...