Word: iq
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Poor Reggie-nobody is all that impressed any more. The day is long past when the IQ was revered as some sort of magic number, affixed during childhood as an indelible, immutable badge of mental prowess or dullness. Instead, the whole IQ concept is under suspicion. Many school systems, including those in California and New York City, have abandoned IQ testing altogether. College admissions officers have little use for them. Neither do such competitive organizations as NASA, IBM or Phi Beta Kappa...
...reasoning. To score the test, an equation was devised that divided a child's mental age-as determined by the test -by his chronological age, thus producing an "intelligence quotient." If a six-year-old child was thinking like most other six-year-olds, for example, his IQ was 100. If he was thinking like an eight-year-old, his IQ...
...gauge four abilities: verbal and numerical skills, spatial relations and reasoning. Of the four best-known tests (see chart), the Stanford-Binet is the closest to Binet's original; it takes as long as 1½ hrs., is administered to students individually, and results in a single IQ score. The Wechsler test, also given individually, reports an IQ score for both its verbal and nonverbal sections, as well as an overall figure. The Otis-Lennon, a group test, measures "general intelligence." (Sample question from the version for ten-year-olds: "What is the opposite of 'easy...
...score of 100 is still the norm in today's tests, although none of them use Binet's quotient formula. Instead, since scores were found to distribute themselves along a bell curve-centered at 100-individual IQs are now measured in standard deviations along such a curve. In the tests, about 68% score between 85 and 115; less than 3% score below 70-or above 130. Because scores fluctuate widely in the high IQ range, researchers have scrapped the designation genius (once defined as 140 level or above). Now they prefer more subtle terms like superior and very...
...more tests that are devised, the more educators seem to doubt their validity. For one thing, individual IQ scores are known to vary considerably. The IQs of children, for example, can change 17 points to 20 points up or down before the age of 18, and there is sometimes a marked change from one year to the next. Many experts even question how much IQ scores have to do with intelligence. Few support Harvard Psychologist Richard Herrnstein's position that intelligence is primarily an innate ability, rather than an evolving capacity resulting from the interplay of mental quickness...