Word: iraq
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...first time, the West seemed to be on the way to closing the gap. The method: a thin chain of defense positions across the Middle East's northern perimeter, to be built piece by piece in separate pacts between the U.S. and the states of Pakistan, Iraq and Saudi Arabia. Later, if Iran gets hold of itself internally, it would become another link. So would Afghanistan...
...West's defensive cordon against Soviet aggression starts at the Arctic Ocean, sweeps down across Western Europe to the Mediterranean and into Turkey. There, in the vicinity of Mount Ararat, the West's defenses end-and Soviet opportunity begins. An offensive rolling through Iran and on to Iraq 120 miles away might easily overrun the West's advanced air bases at Habbaniya (Iraq) and Dhahran (Saudi Arabia). It might also outflank Turkey and open the back door to Europe...
Dulles began seeking informal agreements. In Iraq he found the Foreign Ministry anxious for U.S. military assistance. In Pakistan he was asked for arms. In Ankara he discovered the Turks worrying about their eastern flank. Dulles concluded that help must not be thrust on those who do not want it, but concentrated on "those countries which want strength." No longer would the U.S. have to wait on the least interested nations...
...addition to Pakistan and Indonesia, the abstentious were: afghanistan, Burma, Egypt, Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Yemen, and Yugoslavia. El Salvador and Lebanon were absent...
...Burma project is no more ambitious than one the partners are already developing in Iraq. On the legendary site of the Garden of Eden, they are engineering a $555 million project to reclaim the Tigris-Euphrates valley from its encrusted alkalis, make it bloom with crops enough to feed the entire population of 5,000,000. Their ditches are following the course of those put down by another Army engineer, Alexander the Great. "He picked so well," says Near East Boss Abbett, "we found we could not improve...