Word: iraq
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...promoted to the ruling Soviet Presidium, is its youngest member and only Moslem. Shortly after Mukhitdinov had four sessions with Nasser, Syrian Communist Chief Khaled Bakdash returned from exile in Eastern Europe to Damascus, and Mustafa Barzani, famed Kurdish rebel long harbored in Soviet exile, arrived back in Iraq. The Kurds (whose great leader in the time of the Crusades was Saladin) are a volatile minority of 5,000,000, spread across Turkey, Syria, Iraq, Iran and southern Russia. Openly defying Nasser's ban on party politics, Bakdash is publishing a Communist newspaper in Syria. But Barzani remains harmlessly...
...four months since he took over Iraq by a brutal army revolt, General Karim Kassem has learned that power is not to be wielded without politics. At first, he tried to rule by rigid army control. But his top lieutenant in the July revolt, hotheaded Colonel Abdul Salam Mohammed Aref, soon took the burning issue from the barracks to the streets. He rushed about the country stirring up crowds for speedy union with Nasser's United Arab Republic. Kassem preferred to talk fervently of brotherhood with Nasser, while keeping Iraq independent...
Despite all the emotional appeal of Arabic unity to illiterate and hungry people, there were powerful reasons for independence: Baghdad's traditional rivalry with Cairo, neighboring Syria's melancholy experience as a Nasser satellite, the fact that Iraq's $200 million-a-year oil royalties would probably all go to oilless Egypt. Besides, Iraq's more than a million Kurds, a restless minority, have no desire to be drowned in a wider Arab sea. A month ago Kassem, unwilling to sit too hard on the only fellow conspirator privy to the timing of the overthrow...
...July revolt jammed Baghdad's Rashid Street for more than a mile chanting, "We are behind you, Karim," and "Long live the solidarity of the army and the people." Government officials privately conceded this massive muster was largely organized, like the anti-Aref demonstrations last month, by Iraq's Communists...
...only street organization Kassem has, and, playing the game they played so long with Sukarno in Indonesia, they show themselves more loyal than anyone else to the nation's boss, increasing his dependence on them. Moscow obviously wants (as does the U.S. and Britain) an independent Iraq as a counterweight to Nasser...