Word: iraq
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...Confronted with an urgent need for imported petroleum, the Premier flies off to the Middle East to cement Italy's relations with the oil-producing states. After a four-country tour, he succeeds in fostering several economic deals with Libya and Iraq...
...ites and earlier rulers dating back to the 16th century, the Shah believes that history is on his side. In his view, his most important accomplishments were wresting the province of Azerbaijan from Soviet hands after World War II, nationalizing Iranian oil, settling border differences with Iraq, and gaming possession of many of the islands in the Persian Gulf. But he does not think it does any good to dwell on the past...
...primary concern in the West about the Shah's newest crisis was the potential threat to Iran's control over the Persian Gulf, the funnel for much of the oil destined for Japan, Europe, Israel and the U.S. Iraq, which got the Shah to stop Iranian support for a rebellion of its Kurdish separatists in 1975, feared the revival of ethnic and tribal tensions in the region. Fearful that a successful move to topple the Shah would unsettle other monarchies in the area, Saudi Arabia's King Khalid called on Arab nations to give the Shah all possible support...
...overall settlement. Sadat has been disappointed that the Saudis, whose economic support is crucial to Egypt, have not publicly endorsed the Camp David accords. In truth they have been giving him some behind-the-scenes help. At a pan-Arab summit conference in Baghdad, which was convened by Iraq to counter the peace initiative, Saudi Crown Prince Fahd told the other delegates: "An attack on Sadat or Egypt will be considered an attack on Saudi Arabia." He went along with a pro forma condemnation of Camp David, but fought off efforts to impose economic sanctions against Egypt...
...undisputed spiritual and political leader of Iran's 32 million Shi'ite Muslims, who comprise 93% of the population. A longtime opponent of the Shah, Khomeini was exiled in 1963 following violent demonstrations against the Shah's land reforms. Two weeks ago, he was expelled from Iraq, where he had kept his headquarters and served as a catalyst to the opposition against the Shah. He is now temporarily residing in France...