Word: irelands
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Irish farms. The country had no oil and little coal, but Lemass found an inexhaustible source of industrial fuel in its peat bogs, where huge machines now cut turf that a busy, state-owned processing plant turns into inexpensive, slow-burning briquettes. After a long political wrangle, he got Ireland's state-owned airline off the ground, and has watched happily as Aer Lingus' shamrock-painted planes have made it one of the few government airlines to turn a consistent profit on the Atlantic...
...very word socialism terrifies Fianna Fail supporters, who are not only overwhelmingly Catholic but include many small landowners. Yet one-third of all industrial enterprises in Ireland today are bankrolled by the government, which has gone farther toward nationalization than even Britain's Socialists advocate. Lemass says he shares the attitude toward socialism that was expressed in the late Pope John's encyclical, Pacem in Terris: that no political system is undesirable if it benefits the people...
Though he has little of the personal magnetism of Old Spellbinder Dev, the Quiet Man's drive to get Ireland into the world's markets and forums has attracted some of the bright, restive young Irishmen who are showing a revival of interest in politics...
Total Effort. Lemass' most bruising disappointment in office was Charles de Gaulle's rejection of British membership in the Common Market last year. Determined to take Ireland into Europe alongside Britain, Lemass had already started whittling tariff barriers to give Ireland's older and most cosseted industries a whiff of the cold competitive wind outside. To clear the way for Ireland's entry, which he now believes cannot come before 1970, Lemass has unequivocally committed his nation, which has 9,000 men under arms, to support of NATO policies. In 1949, at NATO's founding...
...Lemass, by contrast, one of the most compelling motives for seeing Britain and Ireland inside the European Community is the very prospect that Ireland would thereby take a step closer to reunification. Automatic dismantling of their mutual tariff barriers under Common Market rules, says Lemass, would finally necessitate a degree of cooperation between Protestant and Catholic Ireland. Instead of the present prolonged farce of nonrecognition-neither country will even permit extradition of criminals by the other-and continued stagnation of Ulster's economy, Lemass foresees "a total national effort in which old differences and animosities can be forgotten...