Word: iridium
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...technique was first used for examining welds and joints in everything from bridges to nuclear submarines. Then Technical Operations, Inc. of Burlington, Mass, helped Eastern solve the problem of getting radiographic equipment into the hollow rotor shaft of jet engines by using a 100-curie capsule of iridium 192 that is as small as a pencil eraser but emits gamma radiation powerful enough to pierce the engine's metal innards...
...mercury battery, cast in epoxy resin and encased in a double coating of silicone rubber. The instrument uses the timing effect of electrical surges in a closed circuit to measure off 60 beats a minute. To carry the impulses to the heart, Dr. Chardack uses two springs of platinum-iridium alloy, attached to the heart muscle...
Since the 19th century, science and industry have honored a holy of holies: a bar of platinum-iridium alloy, triple-locked in a subbasement at Sèvres on the outskirts of Paris. Near the ends of the bar were engraved two microscopically thin lines, and the distance between them was exactly one meter-by international agreement, the world standard of measurement. Around the globe, other countries had copies of the bar at Sèvres, and their traditional units of length-feet (3.28 to a meter), versts, li, or whatever -were defined by reference to it. But last week...