Word: islam
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Dates: during 1920-1929
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...first time in Mohammedan history, Church and State have been separated. The Angora Government, having deposed the Sultan-Calif, appointed a Calif without temporal power, then proceeded to depose the Calif it had made; so there is no Primate of Islam today...
...Razek does not believe the Koran to be infallible. Even if the Koran be accepted as a code for personal conduct, it is not, says the Sheik, an adequate guide to modern statecraft. He considers that the Califate* has become corrupt, incompetent-essen tial cause of the backwardness of Islam...
Sheik Razek is a professor of religious jurisprudence in the famed Moslem University of Al Azhar, Cairo, heart of the orthodox heart of Islam And Sheik Razek is also crowned with dignity as Judge of the Mansura Mekhema Sharia (Religious Court...
...probably true; but it made necessary a larger army. The question of soldiers was something Abd-el-Krim never had to worry about. The fame of his victories spread far and wide with considerable exaggeration. Gradually the various tribes began to look upon him as the soldier of Islam who was taking up the sword against the infidel Spanish and French. Abd-el-Krim was fighting, however, primarily for the independence of the Riff territory, but, willy-nilly, he was forced to fight for Islam. Perhaps, the role was not altogether displeasing; for at length he was proclaimed Sultan...
Palestine subsequently came under the Byzantine Emperors, was lost once to Persia (c. 611) but regained before Islam, under Calif Omar, ploughed the country under in 637. Then came the period of the Cru- sades and the Prankish Kingdoms (1099-1291), followed by the rule of the Egyptian Mamelukes (1291 to 1516). This uneventful period was punctuated by a fleeting visit from Tamerlane in 1400. In 1516, Pales- tine was conquered by the Turks, from whom little more than 400 years later the country was delivered by General Allenby. And now, after nearly 2,000 years of exile and persecution...