Word: islamic
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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Born in 1912 and educated at Oxford's Balliol College, Southern later studied in Paris and Munich before returning to Oxford shortly before World War II. His books include "The Making of the Middle Ages," which has been translated into several languages, "Western Views of Islam in the Middle Ages," and "Medieval Humanism and Other Studies," which received the 1970 Royal Society of Literature Award...
ETHIOPIA. Pop. 28 million. Chief export: coffee. Religions: Christianity (Coptic) and Islam. A military government with increasingly Marxist orientation. The armed forces, numbering 50,000 men, have been equipped until recently by the U.S. The regime is embattled on several fronts. One is the northern province of Eritrea, where the Sudanese-supported Eritrean Liberation Front, after more than a decade of fighting, claims it controls two districts and has Ethiopian forces pinned down in other urban areas. Another is the Somali border, where Ethiopians and Somalis have quarreled. Meanwhile the French Territory of Afars and Issas, with its key port...
SOMALIA. Pop. 3.17 million. Chief exports: livestock and bananas. Religion: Islam. Military regime closely allied with Moscow since 1969. The well-equipped military includes 25,000 men and one of the largest tank forces in sub-Saharan Africa. The Soviets have installed a large, tightly guarded missile base at Berbera to service missile warships. Neighboring nations fear that land-based missiles might be brought in as well; that could not only threaten the nearby strait of Babel Mandeb, but also the entrance to the Persian Gulf at Hormuz 1,300 miles away...
SUDAN. Pop. 18 million. Chief export: cotton. Religion: predominantly Islam. The armed forces consist of 53,000 men. President Jaafar Numeiry, who is vigorously antiCommunist, has lately been developing close ties with the U.S., which is supplying military transport planes to Khartoum. Numeiry is backing the Ethiopian rebels plaguing the Addis Ababa regime...
...cult of masculine honor" of Medieval Islam, of which the harem is the most vivid image to westerners, persists in Modern Tunisia. A wife's adultery no longer requires her execution by her kinsman or husband, but it is still the greatest assault on his honor...