Word: islamic
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...people died out of a population of 12 million, French culture is still so much intact. Despite the government's efforts to establish new priorities--Arabization of language and culture, agrarian reform and self-management along Cuban and Soviet lines, and increased emphasis on the tenets and taboos of Islam--French ideas and ways of doing things persist...
This incident was particularly significant in light of the frequency and piety with which my friends expounded on the evils of the Islamic code of honor. These friends were not "typical Algerians." They were literary malcontents who spent much of their time in cafes discussing how alienated they were from Algeria. Most of them came from poor families in rural areas and most of them had been disowned or denounced by their families for rebelling against Islam. They had come to Algiers lonely and displaced and had found each other. In effect they were brought together by their rebellion against...
Obedience to masculine law is still sanctioned by Islam and symbolized by the veil. Although the future preponderance of the veil is dubious, it still prevails as the norm. Most young women in the cities wear Western clothes, but the vast majority in rural areas retain the veil and traditional caftan. In certain instances the veil seems ridiculous, such as on a long bus ride...
Right after the revolution, the government came out in favor of "lifting the veils," both literally and figuratively. By figuratively, it implied the destruction of the mentality and behavior commonly deemed appropriate to the respectable Islamic woman, and putting women to work, particularly in factories. The outcry was so great that the government soon abandoned this line. Many Muslims interpreted removal of the veil as a profound threat to the spirit of Islam. The government couldn't risk alienating the Muslim population and decided instead to take the opposite stand, supporting the veil as an example of the fact that...
...wake of the Six-Day War of 1967 and the Yom Kippur War of 1973, which represented unmistakable threats to the existence of Israel. Arab leaders frequently make a distinction between Judaism, which they claim to respect as a biblical religion that is a spiritual precursor of Islam, and Zionism, which they see as an outdated colonialist and imperialist ideology imported from Europe. The Jewish answer is that today this is a distinction without a difference: attacking Zionism means threatening the very existence of Israel...