Word: israel
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...miracle confined to the tiny Jewish homeland. "Israel," says Ben-Gurion, "has created a new image of the Jew in the world?the image of a working and an intellectual people, of a people that can fight with heroism. The state has straightened the backs of Jews in every country." In place of many of the old stereotypes of the Jew emerged a bronzed and bare-chested figure somewhat larger than life: the sabra (native-born Israeli), who took that name from the fruit of the cactus that thrives in his land, a handsome, romantic idealist who furrowed his fields...
...modern Jews pay only lip service to their religion, Orthodox Jews dominated Israeli society and lawmaking from the first, are responsible for the many restrictions and proscriptions (no public bus service on the Sabbath, the refusal of restaurants to serve milk and meat at the same meal) that make Israel a sort of secular theocracy...
...alarming proportions?was bound to produce discontent. It also produced the beginnings of disillusionment. Last year, 11,000 Jews pulled up stakes and moved away from Israel?almost as many as came into the country. Some of them were dispirited by the steadily increasing level of terrorist raids across Israel's borders. A disturbingly high proportion of the departing emigrants was the professional men, managers and technicians who had engineered the Israeli economic miracle. In some cases, they returned to the countries of their birth. In others, they struck out for new lands of opportunity, most notably Canada...
...last year, the exodus had become something of a national scandal. Said Premier Eshkol: "We have been able to build and maintain the State of Israel by virtue of the quality of its citizens. But this qualitative superiority is today in danger. The pioneer of our day, the builder of the land, devoted, knowledgeable, diligent?where is he to come from...
...change of clothes in a sack), Levi Eshkol has been active in almost every part of the development of the Jewish state. He helped found a kibbutz (Degania B) in a malaria swamp on the Sea of Galilee and was a delegate to the founding conference of Histadrut, Israel's powerful labor organization, which now controls some 47% of the economy. A congenial man who speaks six languages (Yiddish, Hebrew, German, Russian, English and French), he was a frequent shaliah (emissary) on fund-raising tours of Europe. When Hitler came to power, he spent three years in Berlin...