Word: japanned
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...gave especially patient attention to the training of China's new army, lecturing his Whampoa Academy graduates like a Chinese father. There were good reasons. The Communists were still a constant threat to Nationalist China-and Japanese intentions were perfectly plain to Chiang. But in 1931, when Japan occupied Manchuria, Chiang was cautious. He was still building his Whampoa-trained army. Said he: "We exhort the entire nation to maintain a dignified calm...
...Though I Die . . ." Many Chinese, especially northerners, could not accept this apparent detachment in the face of Japan's threat. In December 1936, the Nationalist garrison at Sian, facing Communist guerrilla forces, laid down their arms and refused to fight "fellow Chinese" any longer. Like their commander, Marshal Chang Hsueh-liang ("The Young Marshal"), most of them were from Manchuria, and they wanted to fight the Japanese, if anybody. Chiang flew immediately to Sian to investigate...
...Sian generals demanded that he fight Japan. When he refused to listen to "demands," they made him a prisoner. For two weeks, while the world wondered if he were dead, Chiang stonily refused to deal with his captors. "If you want to shoot me," he said, "do so at once." He raged because his government in Nanking did not blast Sian from the air. "Why don't they bomb us!" he repeated over & over...
...mutineers read Chiang's private diary; there, it appeared, Chiang showed as much determination to fight Japan as they had themselves. A consultation took place among the captors. Communist General Chou En-lai was invited over from the Red positions nearby. His instructions from Moscow: Chiang was to be returned to Nanking...
...been the wartime Premier of Japan; before that he was commander of the Japanese army in Manchuria, then Vice Minister of War and Minister of War. His admiring colleagues had called him The Razor. In the hour of Japan's defeat, he had tried, and ignominiously failed, to take his own life. During the trial he had shrewdly defended himself and his country. Last week, in his faded army jacket and horn-rimmed spectacles, he did not look like the toothy, maniacal symbol of Japanese frightfulness that U.S. cartoonists had made of him after Pearl Harbor...