Word: jaruzelski
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...president would up his busy day as guest ata state dinner hosted by the Communist Partyleader, Gen. Wojciech Jaruzelski. Striking muchthe same tone as in his speech to parliament, Bushsaid in a toast that Poland was entering a new eraand was "beginning, once again, to command its owndestiny...
This time in Poland, the opposition movement Solidarity was able to reduce the Communist Party to the role of a supplicant, and may end up forcing the country's ruler, General Wojciech Jaruzelski, out of power. In Hungary, the Smallholders Party is back, feuding with itself and with the dozen or so other parties expected to take part in free elections scheduled for next year...
Partly because of opposition from Solidarity, General Jaruzelski, the Communist Party leader who declared martial law in 1981, made a startling announcement last Friday that he would not be a candidate in this week's election by Parliament for the powerful new office of President. Instead, with Solidarity's approval, the party is expected to nominate General Czeslaw Kiszczak, 63, the Interior Minister who won the confidence of the union as the government's main negotiator during the round-table talks that led to the democratic reforms. Moscow has invited Walesa to come for a visit to discuss the political...
Although Communist party leader General Wojciech Jaruzelski has attempted to draw Solidarity into a coalition, the trade-union movement insists it will remain in opposition until completely free elections are held. Solidarity has agreed to cooperate on pressing matters such as economic reform, but seems unlikely to support Jaruzelski's candidacy for the newly created presidency. Solidarity is hoping that the Communist party will avoid a showdown on the presidency by nominating someone other than Jaruzelski. Said an aide to Lech Walesa: "There has to be someone they can put up who is acceptable to both sides...
What finally pushed the Jaruzelski government to the bargaining table was the same thing that sparked the popular uprisings of 1956, 1970 and 1981: economics. Although the regime could drive Solidarity underground, it could not make the country's hopelessly inefficient factories produce more or put food on empty grocery shelves. For more than seven years, Jaruzelski tried to carry out economic reforms while refusing to negotiate with Solidarity or democratize the political structure. The results were dismal: industrial production fell steadily, while the foreign debt climbed to $39.2 billion and inflation crept toward 100%. When public discontent erupted...