Word: jaruzelski
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...guaranteed box-office success in a country that harbors an enmity toward Moscow leaders dating far back in history -- an enmity deepened by the imposition of martial law in 1981 under threat of Soviet intervention. It hardly helped matters that Gorbachev's host was Party Boss Wojciech Jaruzelski, the army general who imposed and later rescinded the military rule and who remains widely disliked in Poland. The visit, moreover, came at a time of economic crisis, with living standards for many Poles down 50% in the past eight years, largely because of government mismanagement. With ordinary Poles preoccupied by their...
Solidarity Leader Lech Walesa, who had feared that the workers' revolt was ill timed and had joined it only reluctantly, admitted that the finale amounted to a "step back." The government of General Wojciech Jaruzelski announced plans to speed up Poland's economic restructuring program. But in the sullen aftermath of the country's crushed labor rebellion, few expected the measures to make much difference...
Faced with the most serious outbreak of labor unrest since placing Poland under martial law more than six years ago, the regime of General Wojciech Jaruzelski seemed oddly uncertain about how to respond, whether to make strategic concessions or to lower the boom. For a while, the government tried a little of both. As the strikes spread to other major industrial centers and the country's universities last week, authorities continued to agree to wage increases in a few cases, acceded to mediation attempts by representatives of the Roman Catholic Church in others -- but always with the explicit warning that...
...move failed to bring an end to the strikes, which persisted in the form of massive absenteeism at Nowa Huta and some other job sites. The onslaught underscored the Jaruzelski regime's utter inability to find a common language with Poland's restive and embittered workers. The attack seemed to doom the government's ambitious plans for economic restructuring, which depend on the labor force's willingness to make temporary sacrifices while the country's centralized industries are gradually exposed to more and more free-market forces. "Everybody knows what is at stake here," said Walesa, following the Nowa Huta...
...time for younger people." His reluctance stemmed in part from a conviction that reforms not drastically different from those proposed by the regime are necessary for the rescue of Poland's devastated economy. Walesa believes that such a program must be carried out with far broader popular consultation than $ Jaruzelski is willing to permit. Walesa also felt that the shipyard was not adequately prepared for a strike. But as others' positions hardened, so did Walesa's. He soon seemed to be pushing the Jaruzelski regime toward a showdown...