Word: jaures
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...immigration and passing harsher law-and-order statutes. Critics say that if Sarkozy's initiatives don't receive a reaction from the progressive members of his government, he uses that as proof that his policies are not as right wing as his political opponents claim. "Sarkozy cites Jean Jaurès here to better apply National Front [a far-right French party] ideas there, and his choice of Camus for the Panthéon is also clearly rooted in a purely political logic rather than an intellectual one," says François Cusset, a historian and philosophy expert who teaches...
...annual ritual that involves schoolchildren reading a patriotic letter written by French communist resistance fighter Guy Môquet before he was executed by the Nazis in 1941. During his 2007 presidential campaign, he also repeatedly quoted the seminal French socialist leader (and Panthéon resident) Jean Jaurès in an attempt to infer that the legendary leftist would have backed the positions he was championing. (Read "A French Debate over Guy Môquet...
November 1912. From the pulpit of the cathedral in Basle, France's Jean Jaurès faced 555 fellow Socialists of 23 nations, gathered to demonstrate the supposed unity of the world's workers against war. The tolling of church bells reminded Jaurès of Schiller's Song of the Bells: "I summon the living, I mourn the dead, I break the furnaces." Cried Jaurès: "I call on the living that they may defend themselves from the monster who appears on the horizon. I weep for the countless dead now rotting in the East...
...France exhibited, as in the Revolution, political man at his most combative. Men plunged up to the hilt of their capacities and beliefs. They held nothing back. On the eve of the new century the Affair revealed what energies and ferocities were at hand to greet it." And as Jaurès' death dramatized, it was the era in which the Socialist notion that all the workers of the world could unite on anything turned out to be fantasy...
Famed normaliens include Henri Bergson, Louis Pasteur, Jules Romains and Jean-Paul Sartre. Before World War II, the school also bred Socialist politicians from Jaurès to Blum. Even now, De Gaulle's Premier is Normalien Georges Pompidou, a banker-professor who writes books on French writers from Racine to Malraux. Yet he is not typical: in the Fifth Republic, normaliens have lost political influence...