Word: jejunum
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...mansoni began to appear in northern cities only in 1950; years ahead of them were the amoeba (a cause of chronic dysentery) and pinworm. Estimated schistosomiasis cases in New York City, 70,000; in Chicago, 2,200. ¶When a small boy swallowed a nail which lodged in the jejunum (second part of the small bowel), Atlanta's Dr. Murdock Equen made him swallow a tiny but powerful Alnico permanent magnet attached to a string. When the magnet grabbed the nail, Dr. Equen pulled the string and slowly worked the nail up through the digestive tract...
...Hiatus. With the small patient under ether, Dr. Swan made a huge incision to open chest and abdomen. He pulled out a loop of the jejunum (uppermost part of the small intestine) and cut it off near the duodenum. Carefully he worked the long, free end upward to the diaphragm. For a time Dr. Swan had to turn his attention back to the dangling duodenum (see chart): he made a T-junction by stitching its attached bit of jejunum into the intestinal tract a couple of feet below the original cut (making a natural outlet for digestive juices...
...time to use the replacement tube, i.e., the severed jejunum. Dr. Swan cut a slit in the diaphragm beside the hiatus (where the esophagus normally passes through the diaphragm). Then, through the slit he pulled up the jejunum with its trailing tentacles of arteries and veins. Four and a half hours after operation's start, he was able to begin the fine sewing necessary to join the jejunum to the upper end of the esophagus. This gave Mike a short-circuited digestive tract: throat to gullet to jejunum, with the stomach and duodenum as spectators. Dr. Swan...
...Digestion. At the hiatus. Dr. Swan pulled the jejunum over, made an opening in its side, and stitched it to the mouth of the stomach. What distinguished his technique from similar opera tions for this purpose was that he was careful to hook up with the cardia, part of the valve which keeps acid stomach juices from percolating back up toward the mouth. (Without a cardia, he is convinced, the patient would later have ulcers or other upsets.) This stitching done. Mike had two digestive tracts, beginning with the inverted "Y" at the hiatus...
Because such cases are far from common, Dr. Althausen counted himself lucky when, on a visit to Australia last year, he ran across a third and most unusual case A wiry, freckled, 50-year-old seaman named Bergman had been left with only two feet of jejunum and duodenum. He worked on a soot-grimed freighter pitching and rolling across Bass Strait between Melbourne and Tasmania. Althausen and Melbourne's Dr. Ronald Doig made one interesting discovery in studying the sailor: it made no difference to his two feet of small intestine whether he got predigested or ordinary food...