Word: jerusalem
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...bomb in a Tel Aviv bus depot, an explosion in a Jerusalem marketplace, the shoot-up of an airliner in Athens, raids, raids and more raids on villages, continued vilification and threats-all these and other incidents apparently make the world more interesting. The U.S. State Department ignores these offenses, or at most sounds a mild "tut-tut." The U.N. does the same. However, an Israeli reprisal, designed to tone down the level of warlike activity on the part of the Arabs, generates storms of protest. The greatest protest is raised not because lives are lost but because Israel destroyed...
...make this case, but he has marshaled the best arguments for it. In Jesus and the Zealots (Scnbners; $7.95) and The Trial of Jesus of Nazareth (Stein & Day; $6.95), Brandon pictures Jesus as a politically aware activist vigorously working against the Palestinian "Establishment"-the Roman occupying forces and Jerusalem's collaborationist Jewish aristocracy. As a champion of the poor, says Brandon, Jesus went so far as to lead an abortive raid on the Temple treasury to dispossess its money-hungry directors. The raid, disguised in the Gospels as a one-man assault on the profane money changers, quickly...
Temple Trophies. Except for a few tantalizing hints ("I come not to bring peace but a sword"), little of Jesus' militancy appears in the Gospels. The reason, argues Brandon, was that Christianity early in its history underwent an earth-shaking trauma: the fall of Jerusalem. In A.D. 70, the legionaries of the Emperor Vespasian and his son Titus put down a four-year rebellion led by a group of Jewish rebels known as the Zealots, and destroyed the city. In Rome, where Titus returned in triumph brandishing trophies from the ruined Temple, feelings were running high against Jewish intransigence...
...responsibility for Jesus' death and to play down Christian involvement in the Zealot revolt was further supported by the later Evangelists, who also emphasized Christ's pacifism. Although Matthew wrote for Jewish Christians, possibly in Alexandria, he was apparently so grief-stricken by the fall of Jerusalem that he could only ascribe it to unwise political activism and divine retribution for the rejection of Jesus-which explains why this "most Jewish" of the Gospels is steeped in collective Jewish guilt. Luke, and even more so John, were by contrast profoundly affected by the theology of Paul...
...primitive Christianity of Jerusalem, with its documents and traditions, perished in the city's destruction by Rome. What survived, argues Brandon, was not the Jesus remembered as a Messianic revolutionary who sought to cleanse Israel for the coming of God's kingdom, but a transcendent divinity who had come to all men and not merely the Jews. What also survived, says Brandon, was the anti-Semitic bias of the Evangelists that made scapegoats of Judaism-a nation of "Christ killers" for nearly 2,000 years...