Word: jewishness
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...Israel. The world's reaction -and particularly the Pope's words-evoked a bitter response in Israel, which met the censure with surprise, bewilderment and then anger. Israel's Minister for Religious Affairs, Zorach Warhaftig, replied that "the Pope's voice was silent when Jewish worshipers were attacked at the tomb of the patriarchs in Hebron," referring to a grenade attack that injured 48 Israelis in October. Then, unable to stop there, he went on to castigate Pius XII for being silent "when millions of Jews were murdered" during World War II. Israel rejected...
...concept of international order is a Jewish idea we have been trying for 4,000 years to transmit to the rest of the world. It is an idea that works with great strength on the Jewish imagination. It is, however, an idea, not a reality. The U.N. does not express that idea with any effectiveness in its present composition. My view after 20 years of U.N. experience is not far different from that of General Assembly President Emilio Arenales of Guatemala: he recently referred to the "frivolity" and "irresponsibility" of certain majority decisions...
...marshaled the best arguments for it. In Jesus and the Zealots (Scnbners; $7.95) and The Trial of Jesus of Nazareth (Stein & Day; $6.95), Brandon pictures Jesus as a politically aware activist vigorously working against the Palestinian "Establishment"-the Roman occupying forces and Jerusalem's collaborationist Jewish aristocracy. As a champion of the poor, says Brandon, Jesus went so far as to lead an abortive raid on the Temple treasury to dispossess its money-hungry directors. The raid, disguised in the Gospels as a one-man assault on the profane money changers, quickly led to Jesus' denunciation...
...militancy appears in the Gospels. The reason, argues Brandon, was that Christianity early in its history underwent an earth-shaking trauma: the fall of Jerusalem. In A.D. 70, the legionaries of the Emperor Vespasian and his son Titus put down a four-year rebellion led by a group of Jewish rebels known as the Zealots, and destroyed the city. In Rome, where Titus returned in triumph brandishing trophies from the ruined Temple, feelings were running high against Jewish intransigence in general and the Zealot rebellion in particular. In this climate of fear, argues Brandon, Mark wrote the first Gospel...
...Most Jewish Gospel. Brandon argues that Mark's attempt to exonerate the Romans of any responsibility for Jesus' death and to play down Christian involvement in the Zealot revolt was further supported by the later Evangelists, who also emphasized Christ's pacifism. Although Matthew wrote for Jewish Christians, possibly in Alexandria, he was apparently so grief-stricken by the fall of Jerusalem that he could only ascribe it to unwise political activism and divine retribution for the rejection of Jesus-which explains why this "most Jewish" of the Gospels is steeped in collective Jewish guilt. Luke...