Word: jihadi
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Dates: during 2000-2009
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...Narrow Escape Al-Zarqawi personally decapitates U.S. contractor Nicholas Berg on videotape. In the fall of 2004, a massive U.S.-led operation in jihadi-infested Fallujah fails to nab al-Zarqawi. Some reports suggest he was wounded in the fighting and escaped to Iran...
...work. "People like al-Zarqawi try to portray themselves as very close to the Prophet in order to legitimize their other actions," says al-Fadl. Those who have observed al-Zarqawi at close quarters suggest that this is the logical next step in his evolution as a jihadi. Once a street thug in his hometown of Zarqa, he turned himself into a mujahid, or holy warrior, in Afghanistan, and then an emir, or military chieftain, in Iraq. "At some point, every emir wants to become a sheik," or religious leader, says the commander of an Iraqi insurgent group. "Since...
...police state, where the Asayeesh - the military security - has a house in each neighborhood of the major cities, and where the Parastin "secret police" monitors phone conversations and keeps tabs on who attends Friday prayers. While these security measures are an important part of why Kurdistan has largely kept jihadi and resistance cells from forming within its borders, security measures are often used by the ruling parties as an excuse to crack down on opponents and independent civil organizations, according to these groups. "Our members are regularly thrown in jail for seven or eight months at a time without cause...
That's a familiar situation for Khalilzad these days. As Iraq's political parties squabble over the nature and composition of a new government, sectarian violence has pushed the country closer than ever to full-bore civil war. U.S. commanders believe that Sunni-Shi'ite violence is surpassing jihadi terrorism as the biggest threat to the country's long-term stability. And yet the prospect of a deeper, more vicious war has so far failed to prod the country's leaders into setting aside their rivalries and forming a broadly representative government, which may be the U.S.'s best hope...
...shaky alliance with Musharraf. The Bush Administration has backed Musharraf on the basis that he is cooperating in the war on terror - even if not to the extent the U.S. demands - and that the alternatives are worse. But many secular liberals in Pakistan complain that Musharraf brandishes the jihadi threat to maintain military rule and suppress Pakistan's main moderate political parties, quite a far cry from the democratic values trumpeted by the Bush Administration. The jihadist element has long been nurtured by the Pakistani security establishment, which cultivated it during the anti-Soviet campaign in Afghanistan in the 1980s...