Word: joblessness
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Regular Army battalions of engineers, artillerymen, coast artillerymen (antiaircraft) sent over from the continental U.S., plus some 14,000 Puerto Rican recruits who had been taken into expanded Regular Army units, or into two Puerto Rican National Guard regiments. All the Puerto Ricans were volunteers. To miserable, jobless and underpaid natives from San Juan's hellish slums, or from the poverty-ridden countryside, the Army's $21 a month looked like a fortune. These unfortunates, underfed, underbred, did the best they could in U.S. uniforms. They would have done a little better if they had had more...
Bennett got a cracked head in a fight outside the Rouge plant in 1932, in which four jobless marchers were killed. Brutally beaten by Ford agents were two other men who are now in the very front rank of U. A. W.-Richard Frankensteen and Walter Reuther (whose plan for making airplane parts in auto factories was projected last winter). Brutal beatings took place in Dallas...
...them to start rebuilding ruined French villages even before the Armistice. Afterwards they fed starving children, stopped epidemics, restocked whole provinces with farm tools, seeds and livestock, left permanent centres for "international good will" in Berlin, Vienna, Geneva, Paris. Between wars they built schools in Mexico, helped Okies and jobless coal miners, ran hostels for refugees. Now they are busy once more in war-torn Europe. Last week Marshal Pétain received Quaker Howard Kershner at Vichy, expressed "profound gratitude" for the work Quakers have done in occupied France...
...Deal's Columbia River power project in the Northwest: denuded forest slopes, timber markets cut off by the war, abandoned farmlands that thirst for water. A propaganda picture, Hydro shows how Grand Coulee and Bonneville Dams will irrigate barren fields, provide power for new defense industries, put jobless men to work. Best shots: the wild, glistening waters of the river undammed, royal Chinook salmon fighting their way upstream...
Such a proposal may seem irrelevant today when America is beginning to find a place for its jobless--in the army and in defense industries. But this currently popular remedy is at best a palliative, and in the long run aggravates the disease. For as William James pointed out in 1910 in his brilliant essay on "The Moral Equivalent of War" which is reprinted in this volume, there is a direct and fundamental connection between a frustrated generation with no stake in society, and the devastation of recurring warfare...