Word: joliot
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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...Curie Laboratory, which she founded in 1912, and lecturing at the University of Paris. The old wooden building where she once worked is gone. But in one of the Institute's new buildings on the same street Irene, with her brilliant husband Jean Frédéric Joliot, continues to pry into matter's secrets in much the same way Father & Mother Curie did before...
...cannot be said that the young Curie-Joliots discovered neutrons, elusive, electrically inert particles 1,845 times as heavy as electrons. Neutrons were produced incognito by them and other researchers. Dr. James Chadwick of Cambridge University's famed Cavendish Laboratory first proclaimed neutrons for what they were (TIME, March 7, 1932). The Curie-Joliot work on radiation was a stout prop for Dr. Chadwick, and his proclamation was confirmed by the French couple who experimentally showed that neutrons behaved as only electrically dead particles could (TIME, Aug. 1, 1932). Hailed in every physical journal...
...Curie-Joliot report stirred Lord Rutherford, director of Cavendish Laboratory, to begin confirming experiments. Said he, "It is remarkable that the life of the unstable atom produced is as long as it is. We do not know whether the atoms so far made artificially radioactive are typical or whether other unstable atoms which may be produced will have a longer or shorter life. The discovery of the Joliots shows how little we really know about radioactivity...
Educated first in a private scientific school founded by her mother, whose Slavic features she has, Irene Curie-Joliot snapped up a science degree at the University of Paris. When her second child was born two winters ago she was away from the workshop only a month. She and M. Joliot get up at 5:30, write their papers ("What a burden!"), are glad to reach the laboratory at 9. They keep long hours, find no time for theatres and concerts. For three months in summer they leave the atom in peace, take the children to grandmother Curie...
...Joliots suggested that the added energy might also have come from gamma rays which accompanied the alpha particle crashes. Gamma rays, like visible light, represent unaffiliated energy in motion. Caltech and Cambridge (England) scientists developed the Joliot thought. They aimed gamma rays at the hard nuclei of atoms. The gamma rays disappeared and two new entities appeared-ponderable electrons and positrons...