Word: jouhaux
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Died. Leon Jouhaux, 74, grand old man of French labor, winner of the 1951 Nobel Peace Prize; of a heart ailment, only a few hours after his re-election as president of the Economic Council, which made him fourth-ranking official in the French government; in Paris. Born and raised in Paris' industrial slums, Jouhaux went to work in a match factory, at 30 was boss of the powerful Confederation of Labor (C.G.T.). During the strike-torn '303, he pulled the C.G.T. into the Socialist Front Populaire, alongside the Communists fought Hitler, Franco, Pierre Laval. Imprisoned...
...France, a Communist-fighting labor leader, Léon Jouhaux, was surprisingly awarded...
...years before World War I, Leon Jouhaux, radical young secretary general of France's labor federation (C.G.T.), raised the hair of his countrymen by plunging Paris into darkness, freezing the railroads and docks, introducing the quickie strike (grève éclair) and the slowdown (grève perlée). A red-hot anarcho-syndicalist risen from the factories, Jouhaux liked to boast that if war came, labor in all Europe would quench it by a general strike. But when war came, Jouhaux was a Frenchman after all. ("Heinous traitor," shrieked Lenin...
After the war, Jouhaux helped found the International Labor Organization at the Paris peace conference. In the '30s, he and his C.G.T. were a linchpin of the Socialist Front Populaire; fighting Franco, Laval and Hitler, he worked alongside the Communists. The Germans interned him in a castle in Bavaria during World War II. When he returned, he found that the Communists had moved into the C.G.T. like moths. He had to accept a Communist as "co-secretary general." For a time Jouhaux put up with the comrades, but by the end of 1947, he saw that he was simply...
Bulky and slow-moving, Jouhaux, anarchist turned respectable, at 72 sits nowadays at official functions fourth from the President of France. Last week the Grand Old Man of European Labor was awarded the 1951 Nobel Peace Prize ($32,400). In selecting its man of 1951, Norway's Nobel committee passed over Norway's own Trygve Lie, India's Pandit Nehru and Britain's Sir Hartley Shawcross. It was a surprise choice, and not a universally applauded one. Said Jouhaux: "It is not Leon Jouhaux who is being honored; it is the working class, which has always...