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...they popular. As many as 1 in 10 Americans is on some form of antidepressant medication. Now a new study suggests that while the drugs benefit severely depressed people, they have a "nonexistent to negligible" impact on patients with milder, run-of-the-mill blues. The study, in the Journal of the American Medical Association, analyzed previously published data from trials of the popular drug Paxil and its older generic cousin, imipramine. Some doctors hope the findings will help tone down the popular image of antidepressant pills as magic bullets. (See how to prevent mental illness...
...wrasses strike a balance between cleaning and cheating so as not to lose their client's business. But wrasses also work in pairs. In these situations, explains Redouan Bshary of the Université de Neuchâtel in Switzerland - one of the authors of a new study in the journal Science, the fish face a dilemma: "Theoretically, the best idea would be to bite your client right away before your partner does, because if the client swims away, you get the benefits of the tasty bite, but the costs are shared." But the fish tend to behave themselves...
...Pembrey, Bygren and Golding - now all working together - used the data to produce a more groundbreaking paper, the most compelling epigenetic study yet written. Published in 2006 in the European Journal of Human Genetics, it noted that of the 14,024 fathers in the study, 166 said they had started smoking before age 11 - just as their bodies were preparing to enter puberty. Boys are genetically isolated before puberty because they cannot form sperm. (Girls, by contrast, have their eggs from birth.) That makes the period around puberty fertile ground for epigenetic changes: If the environment is going to imprint...
...coherence between the ALSPAC and Overkalix results in terms of the exposure-sensitive periods and sex specificity supports the hypothesis that there is a general mechanism for transmitting information about the ancestral environment down the male line," Pembrey, Bygren, Golding and their colleagues concluded in the European Journal of Human Genetics paper. In other words, you can change your epigenetics even when you make a dumb decision at 10 years old. If you start smoking then, you may have made not only a medical mistake but a catastrophic genetic mistake...
Others who denounce industry in medicine—like former New England Journal of Medicine editor Arnold S. Relman—have said that these restrictions are long overdue and do not go far enough...