Word: juin
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...military's fears and hopes, he has brought the army along to grudging acceptance of his offer of Algerian self-determination. Last week came the first military challenge to De Gaulle's authority. It came from the only living Marshal of France-cantankerous, Algeria-born Alphonse Juin, 70, whose once prestigious role in French affairs has diminished over the past five years as a result of ill-timed and ill-conceived forays into military politicking. De Gaulle's offer of self-determination, charged Juin in a newspaper article, was "a bet which cannot come off" and which...
Though long retired from active command in the French army, Juin by his stand might stir up troublemakers among the 400,000 soldiers on active duty in Algeria. Taking no chances, French Defense Minister Pierre Guillaumat curtly summoned Juin to his office in Paris and reminded him of "the government's will that military chiefs hold themselves entirely apart from political discussions." And in his first order of the day to the troops in Algeria, as President and "Chief of the Armies," De Gaulle himself sternly declared: "In full knowledge of the facts, I have fixed what must...
...Morocco Must Realize." After the war, France sent tough Marshal Alphonse Juin to put the now restless Moroccans in their place. Juin began by arresting scores of Istiqlal (Independence) leaders, announced: "Morocco must realize that at the end of its evolution it will remain tied to France." The Sultan retaliated by always meeting Juin unshaven and by committing himself wholeheartedly to the Istiqlal, smuggling leaders into the palace, sometimes in trucks delivering groceries. In the classic divide-and-conquer style. Juin assiduously cultivated the antagonism of the mountain Berbers for the urban Arabs. He made a special ally of rich...
Whenever the Sultan showed signs of obduracy. El Glaoui would summon Berber horsemen down from the hills to surround the Arab towns in ragged but menacing array. In 1951, Juin forced a showdown, demanding that the Sultan condemn the Istiqlal and fire all nationalists from the government. Berber horsemen headed for Rabat, and Juin had a plane waiting at the airport to carry Mohammed V to exile if he balked. Glumly, Mohammed V capitulated; he denounced "violence," but he refused to condemn the Istiqlal. To Juin, it was clear that Mohammed would have...
There would be outcries from the die hard colons, but Juin had taken the fight out of them. "If Juin drops us, the end is coming," one confessed. But their loss was France's opportunity, and Mollet seized it. He called a Cabinet meeting, laid his plan before it, and announced that he will fly to Algiers this week for a conference with Minister Resident