Word: junker
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Dates: during 1930-1939
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Saturation. In spite of their tempestuous campaign and the assistance given them by the Junker Cabinet, the Hitlerites polled almost exactly the same number of votes that they did in the April presidential election. German observers have com pared the growth of Hitlerism to the growth of the Ku Klux Klan in the U. S. saying that its appeal was irresistible to a certain class of citizens - in the case of Germany, the conservative, impoverished lower middle class. Thirteen million Ger mans voted for Adolf Hitler in April. That, observers felt, was nearly 100% of the class. Since then Naziism...
What It Meant. On the surface the Junker dictatorship was a triumph for "Handsome Adolf" Hitler and his followers. For months the Fascists have been demanding the right to parade in uniform. They now have won the right. They have demanded the dissolution of the Prussian Cabinet and the nationalization of the schupos (Prussian police). They now have that too. and the Junker government has harried the Communists in a way to warm the cockles of every Fascist heart. But was it a Hitlerite victory? Wrote the London Daily Express...
Next to General von Schleicher, the most prominent new Cabinet figure is Baron Wilhelm von Gayl, Minister of Interior. Charged with the federal policing of all Germany, this typical Prussian junker (landed aristocrat) can wield much power in the coming Reichstag election. During the War as Chief Political Officer of the Eastern Army Command and afterward as Governor of Northern Lithuania in 1918 he showed both velvet tact and an iron hand...
...stranger training to be the mainstay of a republic than Paul Ludwig Hans Anton von Beneckendorff und von Hindenburg. He was born in Posen (now part of Poland), on Oct. 2 1847 and brought up as a perfect little Junker. His father had been a soldier, all his ancestors were soldiers: no other career was considered for him. He never spoke to his father without snapping to attention. When he was three or four he had for a nurse an ancient harridan who had served as a canteen woman in the Napoleonic wars. When little Paul so far forgot himself...
...popularity. It was with Germany in defeat that he entered the hearts of his countrymen. The Kaiser fled to Holland, Ludendorff fled to Sweden. Old Paul stayed on with his troops, ready to take what was coming to him. There came another retirement for Old Paul until 1925, when Junker and Royalist factions decided that the way to restore the monarchy was to elect Old Paul, most faithful of the Kaiser's servants, President of the Reich to succeed President Ebert. They did, but they forgot the old man's sense of duty. When he took the oath...