Word: junta
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After precisely eight months and twelve days in office, President Roberto Eduardo Viola last week was removed by Argentina's ruling three-man military junta. Early in November, Viola, 57, had stepped aside voluntarily to recuperate from a heart ailment. He yielded power to an interim President amid widespread rumors that he would be permanently replaced because of his notable lack of success in managing the country's deepening recession. Indeed, repeated attempts were made by junta members to convince Viola to hand in his resignation. Then last week the junta summoned the stubborn President to army headquarters...
Viola's successor, junta member and army commander-in-chief General Leopoldo Fortunate Galtieri, does not take office armed with much confidence from his fellow Argentines, who are deeply cynical about the ability of the generals to govern. Galtieri will be the third military ruler, after Jorge Rafael Videla and Viola, since the 1976 coup that overthrew the government of Isabelita Perón and resulted in a bloody campaign to rid the country of leftist terrorists. The down-to-earth Galtieri, 55, is said to be well-liked in Washington and is expected to move swiftly to restore...
Although the election is still more than three months away, the sudden surge in political activity is part of an all-out campaign by El Salvador's President Josó Napoleón Duarte and the ruling military-civilian junta to persuade Salvadorans to vote. The election, Duarte argues, is a step toward ending the savage civil war that is tearing the country apart and toward restoring the democratic process. Duarte, who is also leader of the centrist Christian Democratic Party, has the strong backing of the U.S. in calling the election. The tentative plan is for the constituent...
...neighbors are also divided about the election. The Organization of American States last week voted 22 to 3 to back the election and send observers if requested. But the resolution was opposed by Nicaragua and Grenada, which support the leftist guerrillas who are trying to oust the Salvadoran junta, and by Mexico, which favors a negotiated political settlement. Four other countries abstained...
...parties geared up their campaigns last week, Defense Minister Josó Guillermo García announced that members of the armed forces would not be allowed to vote, apparently to avoid any charges of military interference. The junta, meanwhile, decreed its new election laws. The use of voter lists will be abandoned. The lists were often a source of fraud in the past. They have also been outdated by the many deaths and dislocations among the population, and they risked being boycotted by voters who fear being murdered if their name appears on a list having anything to do with...