Word: junta
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After Romero's exit, the army named a five-man junta of soldiers and civilians that one liberal academic describes as "100% nationalistic and anti-imperialistic." Its members: Colonel Adolfo Arnoldo Majano, 41, deputy chief of El Salvador's military school; Colonel Jaime Abdul Gutierrez, 43; Roman Mayarga Quiros, 36, an M.I.T.-educated electrical engineer who was formerly rector of the University of Central America; Guillermo Manuel Ungo, 47, a university administrator who ran for Vice President in the 1972 election; and Mario Andino, 43, an electrical engineer known for his progressive political views...
...junta promised to hold elections, possibly as early as next year, and to use the huge coffee and cotton plantations that occupy the bulk of the country's arable acreage for land reform. It ordered an investigation into the fate of 276 people who "disappeared" during Romero's reign. It pledged to form close ties with Nicaragua's new revolutionary government and to establish diplomatic relations with Cuba. The junta also begged El Salvador's leftist guerrillas to lay down their arms and join in building a "just society...
...attack on striking workers at four large factories in the capital. Leftist terrorists cut loose with an orgy of violent protest, blowing up three power plants and burning seven buses. The 75,000-member Popular Revolutionary Bloc, the largest of El Salvador's leftist movements, denounced the new junta as merely a "change of face" and planned a mass demonstration in San Salvador. While giving permission for the demonstration, the new junta warned that it would use force, if necessary, to prevent a new outbreak of street fighting. Declared Ungo...
...spring Mexico led the opposition that defeated a U.S. plan for an inter-American peace-keeping force to intervene in the uprising against Nicaragua's Anastasio Somoza Debayle; instead of supporting Washington's effort to find a compromise solution, Mexico broke relations with the dictator and recognized the revolutionary junta that soon overthrew...
First, the U.S. should be especially wary of embracing dictatorships that have sprung up in countries with democratic traditions, like Chile and Greece. The Pinochet junta is an aberration in modern Chilean history and may well go the way of the Greek Colonels. The same could be true of Ferdinand Marcos, although democracy in the Philippines has always been fragile and turbulent. Conversely, the U.S. has little choice but to tolerate military rule where it is the norm. For example, South Korea's Park Chung Hee suppresses dissent by an "emergency decree" superficially similar to Marcos' martial...