Word: jure
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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...supposed to have resulted from circumstances in the North. This comforting distinction has now been challenged by a federal court ruling in Detroit. U.S. District Court Judge Stephen J. Roth declared that what appears to be de facto segregation in the Detroit school system is actually de jure and must be abolished...
...Burger Court has served notice that it will not retreat from the Warren Court's sweeping school desegregation manifestoes, at least so far as Southern de jure segregation is concerned. Last term it ordered Southern public schools to desegregate "at once." This term it told lower-court judges to use all means necessary, including busing, to dismantle the South's dual school systems. In perhaps its most far-reaching decision on race, the Burger Court ruled unanimously this spring that businesses cannot use educational requirements to screen out minority job seekers arbitrarily...
...Nationalists, meanwhile, contend that they are the de jure representatives of all of China because they were the last to be chosen in freely contested elections, ending in 1948. According to a school of diplomatic thought dating back to Woodrow Wilson, only constitutionally elected governments should be acceptable to the community of nations. The Nationalists can also cite a more widely held point of international law, the so-called "Ethiopian Principle," which dates from 1938 when Emperor Haile Selassie was in hiding from his country's Italian invaders. Rome then sought international recognition of its sovereignty over Ethiopia...
...Stennis amendment more simply would extend school segregation to cover instances of de facto as well as de jure discrimination...
Political Fallout. Such confusion is understandable. Although it has outlawed de jure, or officially sanctioned segregation, the Supreme Court has thus far declined to rule on de facto segregation resulting from housing patterns. The high court has failed to set rules defining exactly what a school system must do about producing integration. The Nixon Administration's policy is to go only as far as the court leads. This fall may produce new directions. The court last week agreed to hear half a dozen cases, including Charlotte-Mecklenburg, at the beginning of the October term. Among the matters...