Word: jute
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...Bengal (pop. 42 million), in the steamy Ganges Delta, and West Pakistan (pop. 33-5 million), a rain-starved country bigger than Texas. The Radcliffe line roughly separated Hindu from Moslem, but in doing so it came close to wrecking the economy of the entire subcontinent. Pakistan got the jute and most of the cotton; India kept the jute mills and most of the coal. Even more important, India and Kashmir control the headstreams of the five great rivers that water Pakistan's granary: the fertile Punjab...
When India and Pakistan separated in 1947, their profitable burlap industry was also split. Pakistan grows 75% of the world's raw jute, but it did not have a single jute mill to make burlap. India owned all the mills, and when the Korean war sent the price of burlap soaring, India tried to gouge burlap users by slapping a heavy export tax on the cloth. Result: imports into the U.S., the biggest burlap user, dropped 20% as businessmen shifted to substitutes for packaging...
...squeezed out of the burlap market, Pakistan raised $20 million for two jute mills and began to make its own burlap. Last week 297 bales, the first shipment of Pakistani burlap to the U.S., were unloaded in Brooklyn. Pakistan now plans to build four more jute mills, expects to be the world's second biggest producer of burlap by 1960. The U.S. Government was so impressed by Pakistan's determination to get ahead industrially that it is granting Pakistan $10 million for industrial expansion under the Point Four program...
South Africa's Jim Crow laws discriminate against the country's 300,000 East Indians as well as its 8,000,000 Negroes. India has found a simple way to retaliate. It simply clamped an embargo on all exports to South Africa, including jute bags, in which India has a near world monopoly. South Africa uses 15,000 tons of bags every year for packaging its crops. Negroes and poor whites use them as beds, blankets, carpets and doormats. Now old bags are being patched like tire tubes. A farmer who clothed his Negro laborers in jute, with...
...excitement of India (the Ganges River and its banks in this case) is laid before us with magnificent color photography--not like a wooden travelogue but as life, flowing like the river. Likewise we are shown the tense and wonderful and painful world of the adolescent daughter of a jute mill supervisor and two of her friends, all three of whom fall in love with a visiting American. In catching the aching mood of this adolescent world, Renoir is aided by the excellent performances of Patricia Walters (the heroine, the "I" of the novel), Adrienne Corri (the beautiful girl...