Word: kadar
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Dates: during 1980-1989
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Days after Janos Kadar's replacement as Communist Party leader by Prime Minister Karoly Grosz, the mood in Budapest was still euphoric. "We won," exulted one party member last week. "It went beyond our expectations," said a high-ranking government figure. Agreed a Western diplomat: "The change is unprecedented in the Soviet bloc...
...test the limits of dissent in the post-Kadar era, some 3,500 environmental activists took to the capital's streets late last week to protest the construction of a hydroelectric dam on the Danube River. In the face of bobbing placards and charged speeches, the police kept on the sidelines, and the march was orderly. But it signaled the restlessness that Grosz, 57, will face as he tries to cope with economic stagnation. During his first week as party General Secretary, Grosz vigorously repeated his support for the market-directed policies he insists are necessary to revive the Hungarian...
...majority. Imre Pozsgay, 54, the outspoken head of the People's Patriotic Front, a Communist- led umbrella organization of some 100 special-interest groups, and Reszo Nyers, 65, Hungary's most prominent reform economist, were among those elected to the Politburo during the same party conference that ousted Kadar...
Once the East bloc's chief reformer, Kadar had run Hungary since Moscow installed him in power in 1956. Now he has the largely ceremonial post of party president. Few Hungarians seemed to care; all eyes were on his successor. "This is a talented and politically skilled crowd," said a senior Western diplomat in Budapest of the country's new power elite. "What they might do now is wide open...
...debate over new economic reforms has become increasingly linked to demands for a recasting of Hungarian political life and a greater degree of pluralism. Last week, for example, employees of Hungarian scientific and academic institutions formed an independent union. Kadar has stubbornly resisted such moves. But the emergence of non-Communist political currents of some sort seems inevitable -- with or without Kadar...