Word: kaifeng
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...Kaifeng, capital of Honan province, the Communist take-over was peaceful. A U.S. woman missionary said "they came in, fired into the air and told Nationalist soldiers to lay down their arms. Civilians were told to go home-'walk, don't run.' " Commissars posted a bill of rights. One clause provided "freedom of thought and religion." Food was brought in and prices went down. Before the new policy was introduced, ton chang (the people's court) was dreaded by many middle-class Chinese. The Reds admitted regretfully that "in some places landlord and rich peasant elements...
...weeks ago, when wily Communist General Chen Yi seized the Honan capital city of Kaifeng, Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek flew to the battlefront to direct the recapture of the city (TIME, July 5). But as Nationalist columns closed in, Chen evacuated Kaifeng and plunged southward through government territory toward the swift Yangtze River...
While they talked, Kaifeng fell. Refugees reported the death of Honan's Governor Liu Mao-en. They added, bitterly, that a Nationalist air attack had killed more civilians than had the Communists...
...Wide Plains. At week's end, footslogging Nationalist reinforcements reached Kaifeng. They found the city neatly sacked. Chen Yi's men, loaded down with stores of gasoline, munitions and newly harvested winter wheat, had slipped away to the south...
...hoped for the last alternative. Having lost nearly one-third of China to the Communists' guerrilla tactics, they knew their only immediate chance of smashing the Reds would be in a big positional battle. This week they hoped that just such a battle might be shaping up below Kaifeng...