Word: kaiyuan
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...travelers hit the Nationalist lines again at Kaiyuan on the Mukden perimeter. They have been on the road five or six days. They have slept in their rags, sometimes on boards in wayside inns, more often on unsheltered ground, blessing themselves that it is not the icy Manchurian winter. They have eaten the food they brought along-mostly wheaten cakes...
Within the Mukden siege ring the refugees are registered again, inspected again. Since horsecarts are not allowed beyond Kaiyuan, they must be sold for whatever price the racketeering army men may offer. Communist currency is confiscated. The wheaten cakes are broken by inspectors looking for concealed opium. Then the authorities hustle the travelers on to rugged refugee trains-a sort of slow-moving human cattle car jampacked with unwashed, heartsick bodies...
...There Is No Peace. The veteran Communist negotiator in Chungking, General Chou Enlai, openly proclaimed an all-out struggle for control in Manchuria, where the Russians were slowly pulling out. Factional bitterness was weirdest at Kaiyuan, Manchuria, where the Government's U.S.-trained First Army had broken through a Communist blockade on the road north. There, when a Government-Communist-U.S. truce team arrived, the First Army's commander promptly put the Communist trucemakers in protective confinement, lest they be shot or captured by Communist forces...
...airborne Chinese Government troops, aided by 5,000 local auxiliaries, were inside the city. Outside was a Chinese Communist siege army, 60,000 to 70,000 strong. Slogging up from the south to relieve their beleaguered comrades was the Government's crack, U.S.-trained First Army. At Kaiyuan, a rail stop 115 miles away, the 40,000 regulars broke through Communist lines in the first serious battle between China's factions for control of Manchuria...
Since Government and Communists had agreed to extend their uneasy truce to the northeast, the fighting at Kaiyuan seemed ominous. Chungking reported that disagreement on "fundamentals" had delayed the flight of Government-Communist-U.S. truce teams into the trouble zones. Mukden, where U.S. truce officers had arrived, was a prime exhibit in the Manchurian mixup. Items...
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