Word: kansu
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Dates: during 1940-1949
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...behind this news was twelve years old, a suppressed fragment of modern history. The story began in the early '30s when years of misrule under a senile, corrupt bureaucracy brought the ancient tension between the Chinese ruling minority and the Moslem Turko peasantry to the breaking point. From Kansu, the terminal province of the Great Wall, ferocious Tungan cavalrymen entered Sinkiang in 1931 under the leadership of a 26-year-old horseman-Ma Chung-ying. To his banners rallied Turko peasants and Tungan (Chinese Moslem) rebels. Burning, looting, raping, they all but annihilated the Chinese population in the south...
...Afghanistan to Samarkand in Russia. From there goods will be sent along the central Asia plains on the Turkestan-Siberian railway to the Soviet terminus at Alma Ata. The final stage is via the highway the Chinese built along the old Marco Polo trade route through Sinkiang and Kansu provinces to Chungking. The other route leads from Bushire on the Persian Gulf across Iran and then by water to Krasnovodsk on the Caspian Sea. From there the goods will be shipped on to Alma Ata by rail...
...Plans. All this was good news to the Chinese. So were reports of oil discoveries "beyond expectations" in Kansu province and of economic, political and military cooperation which would have pleased Sun Yatsen. China's first great republican leader envisioned the Northwest's potentially rich 1,950,754 sq. mi. (pop. 21,000,000) as a new home for millions of Chinese from overpopulated areas. His San Min Chu I (principles of free government) have been brought by war to southern provinces once considered a political hinterland. So now night the northwest provinces be woven into the pattern...
...with Wong's charts and the Chiangs' firsthand accounts of possibilities, a party of industrialists and engineers left on a survey trip. The Executive Yüan announced an appropriation of $100,000,000 (at the rate of $10,000,000 a year) for irrigation projects in Kansu and its jutting panhandle corridor between Mongolia and Tibet...
...then surely a Ha.") Most powerful and progressive of the clan is bushy-bearded General Ma Pufang, governor of the province of Chinghai, who has his own crack army of 50,000 men. The soldiers of his elder brother, General Ma Pu-ching, lord of the Kansu panhandle, completed the road to Russia in 1938, now are working on another in Tibet (TIME, July 27) which may shorten the new routes for supplies. Both men, dominating huge areas where the Moslems (onequarter of the population in the Northwest) have escaped the remarkable assimilative powers of the Chinese, are friendly with...