Word: kao
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Dates: during 1970-1979
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ARNOLD TOYNBEE, British historian: Chinese Emperor Kao-Tsu (founder of the Han dynasty in the 2nd century B.C.) and Roman Emperor Augustus each gave to millions unity and peace that lasted because their policies were based on moderation which won consent. Thus they repaired the breakdown of the coercive unity briefly imposed by their unsuccessful predecessors, Shih Wang-ti and Julius Caesar...
During that period, much of the Kremlin's information about the Chinese came from Kao Rang, who was then the representative of the Chinese Politburo and the strongman in Manchuria. To win Mao's trust and friendship, Khrushchev says, Stalin gave Mao reports by the Soviet ambassador in Manchuria about his conversations with Kao, saying, "Here, you might be interested in these...
...Kao Kang was put under house arrest, and later died. Khrushchev's opinion is that "most probably, Mao had him strangled or poisoned. Mao was capable of such things, just as Stalin was." Why did Stalin betray Kao Kang? Khrushchev's judgment is that the Soviet dictator figured that sooner or later Mao would have learned on his own that Kao Kang had been informing on him and, if that had happened, Mao could have accused Stalin of fomenting opposition to the Chinese government. "Stalin wanted to win Mao's trust and friendship, so he took reports...
Upon being offered the traditional one for the road, a Japanese will more likely than not decline with a polite "Kao akaku naru" (My face will get red). If he does accept the drink, he may feel uncomfortable after downing it. In any event, he-like most Asians-will probably never become an alcoholic. That fact has long been a puzzle to hard-drinking Westerners. The difference is often explained away by Oriental cultural or social traditions, like the strong Chinese taboo against public drunkenness. But now a group at the University of North Carolina has given new weight...
...provide medical care. To help spread the word about Chinese medicine, a group of American and European physicians has decided to publish a journal devoted entirely to the subject. Scheduled to appear twice a year, the American Journal of Chinese Medicine will, according to its editor, Dr. Frederick Kao of the State University of New York's Downstate Medical Center, "try to advance the cultural exchange of theories, techniques and attitudes that should promote the development of medical sciences in both East and West...