Word: karafuto
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...Karafuto (southern part of Sakhalin Island) 14,000 332,000 After Russo...
Geographic obstacles and poor communications should not be permitted to dim the value of this front. Retrospective foresight would recommend that the estimated losses of a year be concentrated and accepted in an offensive that would not only eject the Japanese from Karafuto [southern half of Sakhalin] but follow them into Hokkaido, with Honshu [the main Japanese island] and Tokyo as the objective. This is direct war in its simplest form. Because the successive fronts are narrow, Japan's advantage in numbers would not prove decisive. Because of the wild nature of the northern Nipponese islands, the resourcefulness...
...north of the Japanese island of Yezo lies in the Sea of Okhotsk the long island known to the Russians as Sakhalin and to the Japanese as Karafuto...
Under the terms of the Treaty of Portsmouth, signed at Portsmouth, N. H., in 1905, Russia ceded a southern portion of the island to Japan. That was part of the price paid by Russia for losing the Russo-Japanese War (1904-5). Now Sakhalin, or Karafuto, is rich in alluvial gold and coal deposits. Its surface is covered by vast forests of larch and fir trees. Large tracts of land arc fit for pasturage and agriculture, and there is oil, as Oil Shah Harry F. Sinclair could testify. The climatic conditions are on the whole excellent, and are comparable...
This is a sketch of the reasons which inspire the Japanese Foreign Office to obtain from Russia the northern half of the island known as Sakhalin and Karafuto. And in return for such apparent magnanimity, Japan is willing to cancel Russia's political debt* to her and joyfully accord her de jure recognition...