Word: karenga
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...white Marines against their common Communist enemy. "Ju Ju" and "Mau Mau" groups have organized to protect themselves against white prejudice and intimidation. In remote fire-support bases near the Cambodian border, blacks register their complaints as a group. Tanks fly black flags. At Danang, Black Power Leader Ron Karenga's followers have designed a flag: red for the blood shed by Negroes in Viet Nam and at home, black for the face of black culture, and green for youth and new ideas. Crossed spears and a shield at the center signify "violence if necessary," and a surrounding wreath...
Rock or Rifle. Added to that fear is disunity among black militants; the Panthers have engaged in bitter battle with Ron Karenga's US, a rival organization. What is more, white liberals are disaffected by the riots and by the increasing radicalization of black leadership. White radicals still in the Black Power movement are trying to regain a voice in its leadership. "Things are becoming localized and fragmented," says Los Angeles' R. C. Robinson, black president of the NARTRANS, a subsidiary of the giant North American Rockwell aerospace conglomerate. "We lack a national figure like Stokely Carmichael...
Warring among black extremists is also becoming more virulent. Rivalry has sprung up over control of territory, recruitment of new members and access to antipoverty grants. Since New Year's, the feud between California's Black Panthers and Ron Karenga's US has left three dead and five wounded. In New York City, where Black Muslims and various splinter organizations compete, a former bodyguard for Malcolm X, Charles 37X Kenyatta, was critically wounded this month. Kenyatta leads the Harlem Mau Maus. Less than a week later, Kenyatta's friend, Clarence 37X Smith, head of a group...
...more sophisticated black Christianity, it was argued, would transform the Negro's religion, which since slavery days has been based on the hope of salvation in the hereafter, into a faith more relevant to his present social and economic concerns. This ideal was supported by Ron Karenga, Los Angeles leader of the black nationalist US, who accused churches of foisting "spookism" on his soul brothers. "Spookism," he explained acidly, "means believing you're going to fly away without the necessary means of transportation...
...businesses, black cultural festivals, black historical groups, black community organization-all of which have released some tensions. Negro Playwright LeRoi Jones has shifted from promoting violence to campaigning for the election of Negro candidates to fill two of the three vacancies on the Newark city council. Black Militant Ron Karenga has also become an advocate of ballot power. He worked hard and effectively to prevent rioting from breaking out in Los Angeles after King's death...