Word: kasparov
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Dates: during 1990-1999
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CHARLES KRAUTHAMMER, another Pulitzer-prizewinning contributor, strayed from his role as an Essayist seven weeks ago to write a beguiling piece for us about a chess match between Garry Kasparov and a computer. This week, in his Viewpoint column, Krauthammer, who has a medical degree and is a board-certified psychiatrist, addresses a subject on which he's even more qualified: judicial rulings on the right to die. "Medical ethics is the one area of medicine I still follow," says Krauthammer, who warns against allowing doctors to kill terminally ill patients. "Once these lines are crossed, the other side...
Besides, judging by the hubbub over the Kasparov match, even if computers could pass the test, debate would still rage over whether they think. No one doubted Deep Blue's chess skills, but many doubted whether it is a thinking machine. It uses "brute force"--zillions of trivial calculations, rather than a few strokes of strategic Big Think. ("You don't invite forklifts to weight-lifting competitions," an organizer of exclusively human chess tournaments said about the idea of man-vs.-machine matches.) On the other hand, there are chess programs that work somewhat like humans. They size...
...would still say no. When they talk about what's inside a human being, they mean way inside--not just the neuronal data flow corresponding to our thoughts and feelings but the thoughts and feelings themselves. You know: the exhilaration of insight or the dull anxiety of doubt. When Kasparov lost Game 1, he was gloomy. Could Deep Blue ever feel deeply blue? Does a face-recognition program have the experience of recognizing a face? Can computers--even computers whose data flow precisely mimics human data flow--actually have subjective experience? This is the question of consciousness or mind...
...Garry Kasparov is still the chess champion of the world...
...book, The Moral Animal, and in a TIME cover story last August, "Twentieth Century Blues." In this week's cover story, contributor Wright examines the philosophical questions raised by "artificial intelligences" such as Deep Blue, the chess-playing computer that nearly defeated the human world champion, Garry Kasparov. In addition, Kasparov writes about the moment during the match when he first sensed that he was in the presence of a real, albeit somewhat alien, intelligence...