Word: katanga
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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Tunisia and Ceylon had already drafted a resolution embodying Hammarskjold's second alternative, but had coupled with it a demand that Belgium withdraw its troops from Katanga. The U.S.-with European fires to watch as well-was reluctant to press harried Belgium too hard, but ready to go along. Soviet Russia, however, seemed to want nothing more than continued chaos in the Congo. Russian Delegate Vasily Kuznetzov dismissed the Afro-Asian resolution as too wishy-washy, suggested to fellow delegates that if the U.N. troops presently in the Congo could not eject the Belgians, the U.N. should send troops...
...village lanes. Dag Hammarskjold dickered endlessly with the Congo's erratic politicians. Encouraged by the mercurial remarks of Premier Patrice Lumumba as he wended his way home from the U.S., the Congo government became more and more insistent on the departure of Belgian troops from their bastion in Katanga...
...mineral-rich southeastern province of Katanga in preindependence days supplied 60% of the revenue of the Congo government and most of the wealth the Belgians drew from the colony. In Katanga, Provincial Boss Moise Tshombe stoutly insisted that the Belgians must stay to protect Katanga's self-proclaimed status as a sovereign "republic" independent of Lumumba's government. Even a public promise from Hammarskjold that the troops the U.N. wanted to send in to replace the Belgians would not meddle in Katanga's quarrels with Lumumba failed to budge the stubborn Tshombe...
...government dominated by Belgian "advisers" and propped up by a 7,000-man Belgian army, Moise Tshombe looked mighty like a puppet of Brussels. Operating on this theory, Hammarskjold early last week sent one of his aides flying off to Belgium with a blunt appeal: Remove your forces from Katanga so the U.N. can take over. Within hours, the envoy flashed back word of Belgian acceptance and Hammarskjold happily went on the air with an announcement that U.N. troops would move into Katanga at week's end. Dag then sent the U.S.'s Ralph Bunche flying...
...while Congo government ministers jubilantly feted Dag, enraged Moise Tshombe called for "total mobilization," declared: "Katanga is independent, and will remain independent. The U.N. has no more right than any other country to enter our territory against its will." In Elisabethville and other Katanga towns, volunteers and recruits lined up by the hundreds to join Katanga's "army," and Tshombe's aides sent light planes to drop leaflets over the countryside, urging Katangans to prepare for war. There were no visible signs of Belgian pressure on Tshombe to give...