Word: katanga
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From Ascension Island, where they had been in readiness for a week, the paracommandos flew in 14 U.S.-piloted C-130s to Katanga's giant Ka-mina Military Base and thence toward their target. Below the gaping jump-hatches, the Congo wound broad and tawny through black-green bush; the tin and tile roofs of Stanleyville shone pink in the early light. "Stan," as it is known to both black and white, is the most African town of the Congo. The "Inner Station" of Conrad's Heart...
...that it is just as anticolonialist as Peking, mouthed the usual phrases about "imperialist intervention" and permitted African students to riot at the U.S. embassy. But the Russian response was mild compared to the Khrushchevian blasts of 1960 (when Lumumba was deposed) and 1962 (when the U.N. went into Katanga). For all their relative softening toward the West, the satellites kept pace, with embassy riots in Prague and Sofia...
...your article on Mr. Tshombe (Nov. 10) you mention that he was at first unwilling to let U.N troops into Katanga, even though Dag Hammar-skjold assured Tshombe that U.N troops would not interfere in his affairs. You do not mention that, when Tshombe did let the U.N troops in, his distrust proved to be justified. In late 1961, U.N troops attempted to end the secession of Katanga by arresting a number of katagan officials, including Tshombe and Munongo, on warrants issued by the central government. I think this may reasonably be described as interfering in Tshombe's affairs, however...
...source is To Katanga And Back by Conor Cruise O'Brien. According to Mr. O'Brien, the code name for the operation was Morthor, a Hindi word which does not mean "put out the fire in the garage," or "defend yourself". It means "smash." Mr. O'Brien can hardly be accused either of ignorance or of pro-katagese bias; he was the U.N official in charge in Elizabethville during the operation. His only major objection to the way Morthor was handled was that the lie, invented after Tshombe had eluded the U.N. and the operation had apparently failed, made...
...United States doesn't particularly like Tshombe. It never has. When Tshombe took Katanga out of the Congo, the only two Western nations favorable to him were Belgium and France. Those two countries met with such strong opposition from the rest of the world, including the United States, that not even Belgium ever recognized his government...