Word: katyn
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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Unforgotten Crimes. The mistakes Moscow has made in Poland date back to 1938, when Dictator Stalin liquidated almost the entire leadership of the old Polish Communist Party. The Stalin-Hitler pact, by which Germany and Russia partitioned Poland for spoils, the massacre of 10,000 Polish officers in the Katyn Forest near Smolensk in 1940, the failure of Russia to aid the underground Polish armies, and the deliberate stand-off by the Red army during the Warsaw uprising against the Nazis in 1944, are Russian crimes which Poles do not easily forget. Nor, apparently, do Polish Communists. The recent downgrading...
Unfortunately for his career (and for U.S. diplomacy), Henderson was prematurely antiCommunist. As a specialist in Washington in World War II, he continued to call the Red turns accurately. He was one of the first to spot the Katyn Massacre as a Russian, not a German, crime. When Soviet Ambassador Maxim Litvinov complained of his "unfriendliness," the State Department in 1943 shunted him off as Ambassador to Iraq...
Ever since 1943, when the Berlin radio charged that the Russians had murdered thousands of Polish officers in the Katyn (rhymes with sateen) Forest near Smolensk, all Communists and many non-Communists have dismissed the accusation as Nazi propaganda. Nine months ago, however, a special committee of the House of Representatives headed by Indiana's Democratic Ray Madden launched its own investigation of the Katyn massacres (TIME, Nov. 26). Last week, after questioning witnesses in the U.S., Britain...
Germany and Italy, Madden's group announced its verdict: "This committee unanimously agrees . . . that the Soviet NKVD committed the massacre of Polish army officers in the Katyn Forest. . . not later than the spring of 1940." Total number of Polish officers, intellectuals and clergymen believed to have been slaughtered by the Russians at Katyn and similar mass executions...
...third Polish army veteran offered even graver evidence. He testified that he watched from hiding in a nearby tree in October 1939, when 200 Polish officers were slaughtered by Red army soldiers at Katyn. It was night time, he said, and the victims were led two by two to the edge of a huge ditch illuminated by floodlights. "First," he continued, "they tied the [victim's] hands together and then tilted the head back, and they packed sawdust into the victim's mouth. If he showed signs of collapsing while in their hands, they just kicked him into...