Word: katzenbachs
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Dates: during 1960-1969
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...this time several high officials, such as Attorney General Nicholas Katzenbach and James Webb, administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, had departed silently, and reporters had slipped into growing numbers of vacant chairs around the coffin-shaped table. Near the end of the session, Busby called upon Agriculture Secretary Orville Freeman, who turned out to be the showstopper...
...Ervin also wanted to know: Why did only 44% of those old enough to vote in 1964 go to the polls in Lyndon Johnson's own Texas? Snapped Katzenbach: "Poll tax." Why did barely more than 50% vote in New York City, where a "literacy test is not administered by sinful Southerners?" Said Katzenbach: "It's an English language test," and it keeps thousands of Puerto Ricans from registering...
Ervin obviously was smarting because the formula would include 34 counties in North Carolina, a relatively forward Southern state on civil rights. He got Katzenbach to admit that the Justice Department had evidence of discrimination in only one of those 34 counties...
...Boom!" Said Ervin: "I think this constitutes a bill of attainder because it deprives states and counties of certain powers vested in them without a judicial trial." No, said Katzenbach. Even though a state or political subdivision falls under the 50% formula, if it alleges that it has not discriminated and the Federal Government can present no evidence of discrimination, then, "Boom! Summary judgment for the state. That's all there...
...shut the door of every courthouse except that in the District of Columbia." He also pointed out that the rules of the D.C. district court allow witnesses to be subpoenaed only from within the District and a radius of 100 miles around it. To Ervin's general contention, Katzenbach replied that the record shows that Southern states "don't hesitate to come here to the Supreme Court" to argue their appeals in integration cases...