Word: kemal
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...ruins of the decayed and defeated Ottoman Empire rose a new Turkish republic that stands today as democracy's strongest bastion in the Middle East. This was the achievement of one man, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk. After World War I he raised a new army and drove out the Greeks, who were occupying Turkey with Allied backing. He threw out the established Moslem religion, warred on the fez and the veil, forced Western clothes, laws, letters and institutions on 16 million bewildered Turks. Through all the years of dazzling leadership, this bitter, sullen, debauched son of the Salonika slums never...
This was only the third free election in Turkey's history, and only the second that was conceded by all hands to be honest. The contest was between the incumbent Democrats and the Republican People's Party, both of whom claim descent from the late great Kemal Ataturk. Ataturk, who modernized the nation and cured most of its ancient political and economic sickness, did not believe it was ripe for democracy in his time. His hand-picked successor, Ismet Inonu, ruled for twelve years, and was regarded by his enemies as a vengeful and haughty dictator...
...Change. Turkey's willingness to try free enterprise marks a big change since the days of Dictator Kemal Ataturk, who tried to industrialize his nation through a cumbersome form of state socialism. The Turkish constitution, written in the 1920s, declared the nation to be "etatist" (i.e., state socialist). But as the Turks saw the disappointing returns of state socialism, the etatist ideology withered. In 1950 the voters elected Celal Bayar, an outspoken advocate of free enterprise, as President...
Celal Bayar's life has been anything but colorless. The 70-year-old President can look back on his part in the late great Kemal Ataturk's revolt, upon the epic years when a modern nation was created upon the body of a dying empire, upon a successful career in banking, upon a break with the party founded by Ataturk, upon victory in a free election, followed by a dramatic reversal of Turkey's trend toward statism...
...capital city of Ankara, a bugler blew a blast, and all over the nation's 296,000 square miles, 21 million Turks stood motionless for five minutes. Only the delayed shriek of jet formations broke the silence. Then cannon began to boom at five-minute intervals as Kemal Ataturk, the Father of the Turks-dead 15 years this day-began his last voyage...