Word: kemalized
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Died. Ismet Inönü, 89, first Prime Minister of modern Turkey; of a heart attack; in Ankara. When the Sultan was deposed and Turkey became a republic in 1923, Kemal Atatürk as President and Inönü as Prime Minister abolished the semireligious office of Caliph and began to westernize the country's educational, legal, military and industrial systems. Inönü was elected President in 1938 and served until his defeat in the election of 1950. From 1961 to 1965 he was once again Premier; after leaving office he continued to influence...
...hero, Premier and President, Ismet Inönü has occupied center stage in Turkish politics for more than half a century. He helped modern Turkey's founding father, Kemal Atatürk, win the country's battle for independence in 1923, and succeeded him as President in 1938. After 1950, when he was defeated for the presidency, Inönü continued to rule the Republican People's Party with an iron hand. Last week, at the age of 87, Turkey's elder statesman was finally forced into retirement...
That has been true from the first. In the early 1920s, Moscow was on excellent terms with Turkey's Kemal Atatürk. But this did not prevent Atatürk from killing off the leading Communists in his country. Egypt's late Gamal Abdel Nasser accepted Soviet money, advice and, in some areas, decisionmaking. But in 1959 he clapped hundreds of Communists into prison. Throughout the Middle East, the Communist Party is legal only in Lebanon-and, ironically, Israel. In Sudan, where it is technically banned but has operated openly, its continued existence is now threatened...
...Sociologist Max Weber, refers to a leader who has a special grace or extraordinary power to rule by the force of personality alone. In more primitive lands, such a ruler was frequently revered as a father figure with magical capacities. Peasants in Turkey, for example, believed that Dictator Kemal Ataturk was impervious to bullets. Even in relatively sophisticated societies, there is a deep-rooted need for magic. The fact that the magician may not really have talent or wisdom is less important than the popular belief that...
...population, a 12 per cent Negro rich population, professions of law and medicine composed 12 per cent of Negroes, and so forth. This will be a most difficult thing to accomplish, and blacks and whites who want this to come about must be as tough and realistic as Mustafa Kemal's Turks, Castro's Cubans in the early years, and the Jews of America and Israel. There is need for strict population control, millions of federal dollars, reorganization of ghetto government structures, and wide-open housing...