Word: kemalized
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...seldom had to pay the bill. Attracted by Western political ideas and appalled by the social, moral and religious putrefaction of the Ottoman Empire, he swore that he would somehow save his country. He plunged headlong into a series of political conspiracies. None of them succeeded, but Mustafa Kemal became known to the Ottoman police as a man to watch...
...Destiny. After World War I broke out, Lieut. Colonel Kemal was assigned to Gallipoli. When the Allies struck, he alone among the Turkish officers guessed their intentions. He seized the heights and beat off attack after attack. Taking command of the entire front, he launched a surprise assault and drove the Anzacs back to the beaches. "Seldom in history," wrote the British official historian, "can the exertions of a single divisional commander have exercised so profound an influence on the fate of a campaign and even the destiny of a nation." Within weeks, Colonel Kemal became a national hero; within...
When Turkey lost the war, Kemal Pasha fought on in secret. He cached arms all over the country, established a National Assembly at Ankara, and formed a new Turkish government with himself at its head. Within three years he had smashed an Anglo-Greek army of more than 100,000 men in two magnificent campaigns in Anatolia, recaptured Smyrna* and swung north to the Bosporus, toppled the British government, and forced Lord Curzon to talk Turkey on Kemal's terms...
...nation was rescued; but the nation, to Kemal's way of thinking, still had to be reconstructed. He went to work like a whirlwind. In short order, the Ottoman sultanate was abolished, the Moslem religion disestablished. The fez was outlawed, and the schools, the courts and the institution of marriage were freed from the control of the mullahs. Women won the right to vote, hold jobs, own property. Polygamy and the veil were eliminated. The alphabet was Romanized and names were Westernized-Mustafa Kemal took the opportunity to call himself Kemal Atatürk (Father of the Turks...
Unborn Child. By 1927, in short, Turkey had the legal structure of a modern European nation. Its actual structure was something else again. In the Turkish Republic, Kemal had created a political fiction, a brainchild he would not allow to be born. He retained power, and as the years went by he used it more and more autocratically. He vetted the elections, rigged the Assembly, purged his enemies...