Word: kerala
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Dates: during 1950-1959
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...revival of the techniques of Gandhi that won India its independence, thousands of demonstrators last week began a nonviolent mass defiance campaign designed to oust the floundering Red government of Kerala (pop. 13.5 million), India's only Communist-ruled state. Shops and factories closed and the docks of Cochin port were idle. In the streets of Trivandrum, Kerala's capital, a 1½-mile-long procession waved black banners and chanted, "Red rule is killer's rule...
...kind of neutralism that often had harsh words for the West but muted its displeasure with the Communists (and even publicly underwrote Peking's "peace-loving" intentions), won him cheers in the Assembly. Congress Party President Indira Gandhi, Nehru's daughter, was tougher. Speaking in Kerala, the only Red-ruled state in India, she flatly declared that "Communism and democracy are incompatible-they are opposite." For the first time, there is widespread discussion of the threat posed to India by the armed might of Red China, and one Bombay weekly deplored the fact that "the portfolio of Defense...
...subject of Rudolph's talk was the "Kerala situation." The smallest of the Indian states, Kerala elected a Communist government in 1957. This marked the first time Communism as a political force has assumed power through electoral processes within a constitutional system...
...Communist record in Kerala has been "nothing amazingly different from that of the Congress Party governments in India's other states," Rudolph noted...
Unable to nationalize Kerala's plantations or gain the required presidential approval of its education bill, the government has proposed land reform measures not radically different from those previously passed in India's other states. In fact, the Namboodripad regime has even attracted private capital to Kerala...